Fuel vaporizing apparatus for internal combustion engines



June 1940- A. J. BOATRIGHT El" AL 2,205,338

FUEL VAPORIZING APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed llarch 6, 1937 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Ft 1 Fi 2 e3 '33 66, 3H4 H5 64 7 6G 69 \\4 6O ea 7 63 as as I07 '2 a k 5 I \al 47 7' I 44 7s 2 72 as" 50 84 Z 23]; ARTHUR .BOATRIGHT 55 ALBERT T NEWMAN u 87 INVENTORS 53 29 24 BY 755x12 A'ITORNEY J1me 1940- A. J. BO ATRIGHT :1- AL 2,205,388

FUEL VAPORIZING APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION EN GINES Filed llarch 6. 1957 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 -Fig.5

ARTHUR J BOA TR/GHT and ALBERT 7T NEWMAN INVENTORS A'I'I'ORNEY Patented June 25, 1940 UNITED STATES FUEL VAPORIZING APPARATUS FOR IN- TERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Arthur J. Boatright and Albert T. Newman,

Kansas City, Mo., assignors, by mesne assignments, to Economy Kansas City, Kane.

Carburetor Incorporated,

Application March a, 1937, Serial No. 129,431

5 Claims. A (01. 261-41) Our invention relates to fuel vaporizing apparatus for internal combustion engines, and more particularly to apparatus of this character that is particularly adapted for use with low grade gasoline and other fuels of lower volatilityv internal combustion engines, and it is particularly a purpose of our invention to provide an apparatus for this purpose that can be utilized in connection with the ordinary internal combustion engine designed to use gasoline as a fuel. When our apparatus is used with low grade gasoline, it is only necessary to use the improved carburetor, but when distillate, or other fuels, that have less volatility than gasoline, are utilized, it is necessary to provide means for preheating the liquid fuel to a point where it will still be in a liquid condition, but will be more readily volatilized in the carburetor than would be the case if the liquid .fuel were introduced into the carburetor in a cold condition. Furthermore, it is desirable, whether the carburetor is used with gasoline, or with other liquid fuels, that means be provided for humidifying the air entering the intake manifold to thus reduce the amount of carbon that is formed when combustion takes place, and provide better combustion of the combustible mixture in the engine cylinder. In the case of gasoline the humidifying means is not an absolute necessity, but when lower grade fuels, having a lesser volatility, are

utilized, such as distillate, for example, it is necessary that humidifying means be provided, so that the air that is introduced into the intake manifold is humidified before it enters the engine cylinder, which reduces the carbon formed during the combustion of the liquid fuel in the cylinder to a minimum. In such liquid fuels of a lessvolatile character it would otherwise be the case that not only would a great amount of carbon be formed in the cylinder, but the exhaust gases would carry considerable carbon with them, making a smoke that. would be undesirable.

It is accordingly one of the important purposes of our invention to provide an apparatus for vaporizing fuel and preparing a combustible mixture for internal combustion engines comprising a liquid fuel heater, a carburetor receiving the heated fuel directly from the liquid fuel heater into a mixing chamber to vaporize the same, and means for simultaneously introducing humidified air and said vaporized fuel into said engine.

Our invention further comprises a new method of preparing a combustible gaseous fuel mixture for internal combustion engines, comprising heating said liquid fuel to a temperature below that necessary to vaporize the same, introducing the fuel in such heated condition into the mixing chamber with air and agitating the fuel and air in the mixing chamber to produce a combustible vapor and simultaneously introducing this vapor and humidified air into the engine. This is'particularly adaptable and desirable for use with fuels of a character thatvaporization would not occur readily otherwise, such as fuels of relatively low volatility, such as distillate, for example. I

It is a further purpose of our invention to provide an apparatus for heating a liquid fuel without vaporizing the same, comprising a liquid chamber that contains liquid that is heated by means of the exhaust gases of the engine passing.

through a conduit in contact with the liquid, and which further comprises means for conducting the liquid fuel through the heating apparatus so that the liquid in the chamber will contact the conduit, or conduits, provided for said liquid fuel, there thus being no direct heating of the liquid by the exhaust gases, but only through the liquid in the heater, which is heated by the exhaust gases. It is an important advantage of the heating apparatus that is provided, that no vaporization of the liquid fuel occurs therein because such vaporization causes formationof carbon, gummy deposits, and other harmful products in the heating apparatus and in the carburetor, which formation of carbon and other deposits is entirely avoided by my heating means. Furthermore such high heating of a fuel as to change it directly from a liquid to a vaporous condition is undesirable, because it expands the fuel to such a great extent that the efliciency of the engine is reduced due to the fact that the fuel vapor is rarefied by means of the heat to such an extent that the net amount of fuel drawn combination of gasoline and other ingredients that are provided for the purpose of increasing the rate of combustion thereof, or otherwise altcring the combustion characteristics of the gasoline to provide more perfect combustion and prevent detonation in the cylinder. Furthermore the improved carburetor is particularly useful with low grade fuels that require preliminary heating in the manner above referred to. All floats, bowls, float chambers, and similar devices, are eliminated in the improved carburetor, the carburetor being very simple in construction, receiving the fuel from the fuel line directly into a fuel inlet conduit, which open directly into an air inlet passage that leads to a mixing chamber, which mixing chamber is provided with means to thoroughly agitate the fuel and air mixture therein so that the fuel is finely divided and brought into thorough contact with the air in the chamber so as to vaporize the same more completely than would otherwise be the case.

The improved carburetor further is characterized by the fact that it is provided with valve means under the control of the operator of the engine for controlling the supply of fuel into the air inlet passage, said fuel being introduced directly into said air inlet passage from the valve in the form of a jet, so as to be carried with the incoming air to the mixing chamber, and it is furthermore an important purpose of my invention to provide such a valve in combination with a butterfly valve controlling the outlet of fuel from the carburetor to the engine so that said butterfly 'valve and said fuel inlet valve are operated in synchronism with each other, and to provide means for adjusting the movement of said valves individually and also relative to each other when the operating means is actuated.

It is a further purpose of our invention to provide means for disposing of any liquid fuel that might enter the mixing chamber when the engine is in idling position with the liquid fuel inlet valve in closing position, at which time the butterfiy valve referred to will be in a position to close the outlet passage from the mixing chamber, said means comprising a cup-like device that is adapted to catch any fuel entering the mixing chamber when said valves are in closing position, and a by-pass carrying said liquid fuel around said butterfly valve to that side of the outlet passage which is nearest the engine.

It is one of the important purposes of our invention to provide means for thoroughly mixing liquid fuel particles, or vapor, and air to thus completely vaporize a liquid fuel, comprising baffie means made up of a plurality of vanes, or bafile plates arranged in a substantially circular series, but extending at an angle to the radius of the circle to thus cause a whirling movement of the air, vapor and liquid fuel particles, that may be contained in the mixing chamber to thoroughly agitate the same and cause the air to come in contact with all of the fuel particles to completely vaporize said liquid fuel, and make a uniform mixture of air and fuel vapor for introduction into the intake manifold of the internal combustion engine.

Other objects and advantages of our invention will appear as the description of the drawings proceeds. We desire to have it understood, however, that we do not intend to limit ourselves to the particular details shown or described, except as defined by the claims.

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a view in side elevation of our improved apparatus as applied to an internal combustion engine, the internal combustion engine and other parts associated with said engine being partly broken away.

Fig. 2 is an elevational view taken at right angles to Fig. 1, the internal combustion engine to which our apparatus is applied being partly broken away.

Fig. 3 is avertical sectional view through the improved carburetor.

Fig. 4 is a bottom plan view of the batlie means used in said carburetor.

Fig. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view through the liquid fuel heater.

Fig. 6 is an outside top plan view of the air inlet means for the improved carburetor, showing the intake end thereof.

Fig. 7 is a bottom plan view of an adaptor for connecting the improved carburetor to a V-type engine.

Fig. 8 is a side elevation of said adaptor.

Fig. 9 is a view similar to Fig. 7, of an adaptor for connecting the improved carburetor to a vertical cylinder type of internal combustion engine.

Fig. 10 is a fragmentary view in side elevation of the improved carburetor as viewed from the opposite side thereof to that shown in Fig. 2, and

Fig. 11 is a fragmentary vertical sectional view through the outlet passage from the carburetor, taken at right angles to the section shown in Fig. 3.

Referring in detail to the drawings, our invention is shown as being applied to an internal combustion engine 20, which has an intake manifold 2| and an exhaust pipe 22. While the apparatus is shown as being applied to a particular type of internal combustion engine, it is applicable to any internal combustion engine, and the type shown is just used as an example. The intake manifold of all internal combustion engines is provided with some sort of mounting for a carburetor, and in the engine shown this is an upwardly extending tubular portion 23, to which is secured an adaptor 24, the shape of which is shown more in detail in Fig. 9, and which has openings 25 therein, through which the bolts 26 extend that are provided with nuts for clamping said member 24 to the member 23. The member 24 is provided with an internally threaded opening 21, with which the external threads 28 of the outlet connection 29 of the carburetor 30 engage.

The exhaust manifold 22 is provided with a branch exhaust pipe 3|, which extends to a liquid fuel heater 32 and which runs through said heater and connects with an exhaust pipe 33. which may be made of flexible metal hose, as shown in Fig. 1. The liquid fuel heater, the construction and operation of which will be described more in detail below, is prc'ided with a pipe 34, through which liquid fuel is conducted into the same, and a pipe 35 conducting the heated liquid fuel therefrom, said heater 32 operating to heat said liquid fuel to a point below the temperature at which the same would change from a liquid to a gaseous, or vaporous, condition. Said heated liquid fuel is conducted by means of the pipe 35 to the inlet connection 36 of the carburetor 30, the connection between said inlet conection 36 and the pipe 35 being made by any suitable means, as by the union 3'! having a screw-threaded nipple 38 thereon that enters the internally screwthreaded inlet opening 36. Said inlet opening 36 is provided in an upper detachable section 39 of the carburetor, which is provided with a large vertical passage 49 therein, which serves as an air inlet passage. Extending into said passage is a liquid fuel inlet means 4|, which comprises a substantially horizontally extending portion 42, a downwardly extending arm 43 and a transversely extending end portion 44.

A liquid fuel inlet passage 45 is provided extending from the internally threaded opening 36 through the portion 42 and the portions 43 and 44 of the fuel inlet means. Said fuel inlet passage 45 has an upwardly extending portion 41, which terminates in an internally screw-threaded portion with which the screw-threads on the valve seat member 48 engage, said valve seat member forming an upwardly projecting jet, or nozzle portion, for introducing the liquid fuel into the air inlet passage 40 in an upward direction, a needle valve 49 controlling outlet of fuel from the outlet end of the member 48, said valve being provided with a body portion 50 and a stem portion extending through a guide passage 52 in a spider-like guide member 53 having air inlet openings 54 between the arms thereof, said spider-like member being mounted in fixed position in the upper end 55 of the member 39, the wall of the member 55 having an annular offset for receiving the flange 56 on the spider member 53 and being held in fixed position therein by means of the set screw 51.

The valve member 56 is further provided with a disk-like flange portion 58, which lies between the valve portion 49 and the body portion 56 and serves as a baille, against which the fuel passing from the valve seat member 48 will engage, and also serving as valve operating means cooperating with a valve operating lip 59 on the rotatable member 66, which is provided with an enlargement 6| mounted inside the upper portion 39 of the carburetor and having a portion that seats in a bearing 62 provided in said upper portion 39 of said carburetor, in which said member 66 is rotatable. It will be seen that as the lip 59 is mounted eccentrically of the shaft carrying the same, the rotation of the member 66 in the bearing 62 will cause said member 59 to move in a path such as to raise the valve 49 by engagement with the disk-like portion 58 and that the amount said valve is raised will depend upon the are through which the shaft-like member 66 is rotated. Said member 60 projects beyond the bearing 62 and passes through an opening formed in the lever 63, which has an enlargement 64, through which said shaft 66 extends, being secured to the shaft 60 by means of the set screw 65 extending through a threaded opening in the enlargement 64.- When the parts are in the position shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3 the needle valve 49 is in idling position, which position of the valve 49 is determined by the position of the lip 59 and the position of said lip 59 is determined by means of a screw-threaded stop member 66, which engages in a suitably screw-threaded opening in one end of the lever 63 and the end of which is opposite the head thereon engages with an inclined shoulder 61 provided on the upper portion 39 of the carburetor. The opposite end ofthe lever 63 is provided with a similar screwthreaded stop member 66 engaging the shoulder 61 to limit the movement of said lever 63 in valve opening direction. It will thus be. seen that by means of the two screw-threaded members 66 and 66' the throw of the lever 63 and thus the movement of theshaft 66 and the lip 59 thereon can be exactly regulated to any desired adjustment found to be the most practical for a given fuel and given engine.

In the form of the invention shown, the lever 63 is provided with ears 68 and 66' (see Fig. 1)

- which have the screw-threaded openings therein, through which the adjustable stop members '66 and 66' extend, said lever beingalso shown as there being no restriction, or obstruction, in the passage 49 to the outer air except for the arms of the spider member 53, the disk-like member 58 on the valve, the valve operating means and the fuel inlet 4|, these, however, causing no appreciable impediment to the flow of air into the carburetor. The mixing and vaporizing chamber II is provided with means for restricting the'fiow of air and directing the flow of air so as to cause a thorough vaporization of the liquid fuel and thorough mixing of such vapor and air to make an explosive .mixturethat is of a substantially uniform character throughout its mass, said means comprising a bafile member I2 having a concave top wall- 13, from which extend a plurality of webs, or fins, I4, which are arranged in a non-radial direction relative to the center of the circular bafile member I2. The baiile member 12 is slightly smaller in diameter than the diameter of the chamber II, thus leaving a. narrow passage I5 between the same and thelwall of the main body portionof the carburetor 30. Additional passages are provided at 16 due to the fact that the upper wall I3 is cut away between the fins I4, thus forming triangular passageways extending downwardly between said fins I4. The fins I4 are further so located and arranged that the same approach each other toward'their inner ends [1, thus providing a gradually narrowing passage between each pair of said fins I4, which will cause the velocity of the air passing through the openings I6 and through the passage 15 to be increased as it passes into the space I6 provided inwardly beyond the inner ends II of said fins, or webs, 14, the arrangement of said webs, or fins, causing a whirl to be created in said space I8, which will cause any liquid fuel particles that may be mixed withthe air to be thoroughly vaporized in said space I8 and cause any air that may not be carrying any liquid fuel vapor to be thoroughly mixed with the air so laden with liquid fuel vapor to provide a substantially homogeneous mixture of air and fuel vapor in said chamber I8 so that said vapor will be of a uniform character when it passes into the outlet passage I9 provided in the carburetor 30 leading to the fuel outlet connection 29, which is connected with the intake manifold 2|, as previously described. Certain ofthe fins I4 are of reduced length and cut away portions 16' are provided so that the baflie member I2 can be inserted in position past the lugs 86, which are provided on the inside of the body portion 36 adjacent the top edge thereof for securement of the removable upper portion 39 of the carburetor to the body portion thereof by means of the securing elements 6 I.

The baille member 12 is supported on the inclined bottom wall 82 of the chamber 1 I, said bottom wall sloping to an opening leading to the outlet passage 19. An inwardly projecting angular stem portion 83 is provided, which extends into the outlet passage 19 and has an upwardly extending arm 84, which is hollowed out to provide 1 a cup-like recess 85 therein from which a passage 86 extends, said passage 86 extending through said angular stem 83 and downwardly through the side wall of the member 29, entering the passage 19 below the bearings 81 for the butterfly valve shaft 88. The top wall 13 of the baflie member is concavely curved on its top face to form a cup-like pocket-89 in the top surface thereof, which is adapted to catch any liquid fuel that might collect in the chamber H, such being possible when the valve 49 is in idling position when the valve 49 will not be seated so as to completely close the inlet opening by engagement with the valve seat member 48. A downwardly extending tubular extension 90 is provided on the baffle member, which has a passage 9I therein for draining any liquid fuel that may pass into the cup-like recess 89 into the cup-like member 85, and through the passage 88 around the butterfly valve into the outlet passage 19 of the carburetor.

The shaft 88 has the usual butterfly valve 92 provided thereon and is provided with a coil spring 93 secured to a hub 94 fixed on said shaft by means of a set screw 95, and to the member 29 in such a manner that it will tend to turn said shaft in a direction to move the butterfly valve 92 to closing position. Said hub 94 is provided with an arm 96, with which a screw-threaded member 91 is engaged that engages a stop lug 98 on the carbuetor 30, said stop lug 98 and screwthreaded member 91 serving as adjusting means to determine the closing position of the butterfly valve 92. The butterfly valve is shown in closing position in Fig. 3 and in Fig. 11, while the parts are shown in corresponding position also in Figs. 1, 2 and 10. It is customary to provide certain apparatus that is operated by means of the suction of the engine and a flexible tube 99 is shown as being provided, leading to any such apparatus, which connects with an internally screw-threaded opening I00 in the outlet conduit 29 of the carburetor, a passage IOI being provided entering the outlet passage 19 just below the butterfly valve 92 when it is in closing position so that the suction obtained from the engine for operation of the apparatus connected with the conduit 99 is not interfered with by the position of said butterfly valve.

Suitable means is provided for operating said butterfly valve comprising the usual operating rod I02, which has an angular end I03 that is pivotally mounted in an opening in -one end of a lever I04 on which the shaft 88 is fixed, the other end of said lever having an opening therein, in which a pin I05 is pivotally mounted that projects from the link I06, which is part of the means for operating the fuel inlet needle valve 49 simultaneously with the butterfly valve 92.

. The link I08 has an upper tubular portion I01,

which has a passage I08 therein, which is closed at its lower end but which has a removable closure I09 at its upper end having an opening therein, through which the rod-like member 10 extends, said member 10 extending into the opening, or passage, I08 and having a disk-like head IIO thereon, a compression spring I I I being mounted between the member I09 and the head IIO. Also a second compression spring II2 surrounds the rod 10 engaging the member I09 and the ear 89 on the member 83. A knurled nut II3 having a squared base portion II4 engages screw-threads II5 on the end of the rod-like member 10.

It will be obvious that, as the right hand end of the lever I04 is moved upwardly, by a. throttle opening movement of the throttle operating means under the control of the driver of the automobile, the end of the lever carrying the pin I05 on the link I06 is pulled downwardly carrying the tubular member I01 downwardly and compressing the spring I08 between the member I09 and the member IIO, pulling the rod 10 downwardly and moving the lever 83 in a counterclockwise direction in Fig. 2, opening the valve 49. This will continue until the end of the stop pin engages the inclined surface 61. Inasmuch as this may occur before the butterfly valve has reached the limit of its movement in an opening direction, the yieldable connection by means of the spring I08 is provided, as any further movement of the lever I04 in a counter-clockwise direction, as viewed in Fig. 2, will merely further compress the spring I08. Should it be desired to disconnect the parts all that is necessary is to pull up on the nut II3, which will carry the rod-like member 10 therewith, also compressing the spring I08, permitting a position of the parts such that the squared portion I I4 on the nut II3 will be out of engagement with the adjacent side face of the lever 63 permitting rotation of said nut and disengagement of the nut from the rod and the rod from the perforated car 69. When the parts are in assembled position, however, the pull exerted by the compression spring I08 will hold the parts in such position that the nut II3 will be locked in adjusted position, as it cannot turn, due to the fact that the rectangular portion II4 thereof would engage with the side face of the lever 63. The nut I I3 further provides means for adjusting the compression of the spring II2, which serves as means for moving the lever to the position shown in Fig. 2 upon return of the lever I04 to the position shown in Fig. 2, said spring being mounted under compression between the car 69 and the member I09 forming an end wall of the member I01.

It will be obvious that other adaptor means can be provided for connecting the carburetor to the intake manifold of other engines, such as V-type engines, in which case the adaptor 24 shown in Figs. 7 and 8, is utilized, said adaptor being provided. with a circular screw-threaded opening 21 in the upper end thereof and having an elongated opening having flared portions I I5 providing passages to the similarly shaped opening in the intake manifold of a V-type engine. A flange H8 is provided on this form of adaptor having openings 25' for receiving securing elements to mount said adaptor on the intake manifold of such a V-type engine, the upper end of such an adaptor engaging with the member 29 in the same manner as previously described in connection with the member 24.

The carburetor described can be utilized with the heating means 32 when a less easily vaporized fuel than gasoline is used, such as distillate, for example, or can be used with gasoline, being particularly desirable for use with low grade gasoline, andwhen so used with gasoline the fuel inlet pipe 35 extends from the suitable source of gasoline supply, such as the pump for pumping gasoline to the carburetor, instead of from the heating means.

Said heating means comprises an inner tubular conduit H8, which is made in the form of a pipe and has screw-threads H9 at the ends thereof for securing any suitable pipe connections, such as the coupling I20 connecting with the branch exhaust pipe 3| and the union I2I connecting with the flexible metal conduit 33 in any well known manner. The tubular member II8 thus serves as an exhaust gas conduit extending straight through the heater. Said heater has an outer substantially cylindrical casing I22 which has externally screw-threaded end portions I23,-

with which the internal screw-threads I24 on the cap-like end wall members I25 engage, said cap-like end wall members being provided with central openings I26 therein, which are internally screw-threaded and which are engaged by the threads II9 on the tubular member H8. The members I25 and the member I22, together with the member I I8 thus forming an annular chamber surrounding an exhaust gas passage.

An internally screw-threaded opening I2I is also provided in the outer wall I22 of the heater, which is closed by means of a threaded plug I28 andthrough which a suitable liquid I29, which may be similar in compositon to anti-freeze compositions used in automobile radiators, is introduced into the annular chamber formed within the heater, said chamber being substantially filled with the liquid I29, but notentirely filled, so as to leave some room for expansion of the liquid when the same is heated, should this be found necessary. The tubular liquid fuel conduit 34 leads into the'annular liquid chamber, as will be clear fromFig. 5, through an opening in the one end wall member I25, a fluid-tight joint being provided between said conduit and said end wall member so as to prevent any possibility of escape of the liquid I29 around the liquid fuel conduit- 34. Said liquid fuel conduit is formed into a spiral coil I30, which extends around the tubular member I I8 in spaced relation thereto. said spiral coil running substantially the length of the portion of the member II8 inside the heater 32 and being connected with the heated liquid fuel conduit 35 by means of the length of tubing I3I extending from the last turn of the coil I30 inside the same and emerging as said tubular member 35, extending through the one end wall forming member I25 in liquid-tight relation thereto. The length of tubular member I3I is also spaced from the tubular member .I I8. Furthermore the turns of the coil I30 are spaced from the outer casing forming portion I22 a slight distance, the liquid I29 extending over the top of said turns of said coil when the heater member is filled to the proper point through the opening, which is closed by the plug I28.

The heater thus provided heats the liquid fuel passing in through the conduit 34 and out through the conduit 35 indirectly from the heat obtained from'f the exhaust gases passing "throughl the branch exhaust pipe, part of which is the tubular member II8, said exhaust gases heating the liquid I29, which in turn heats the liquid fuel in the coil I30. The heater is so made that the liquid I29 is not heated to such a temperature that the liquid fuel passing through the coil I30 will be vaporized, it being merely heated to a point that it will be easily vaporized when it reaches the carburetor. It will be obvious that the character of liquid,.the size of the exhaust gas passage and the length of the coil for the liquid fuel can be varied to get this desired result with diiferent types of liquid fuels, depending upon their vaporization temperatures.

Means is also, preferably, provided for introducing humidified air into the intake manifold of the internal combustion engine and this is, preferably, done by obtaining the humidified air from the overflow pipe of the radiator of the automobile from which the conduit I 33 extends to the controlling member I34, and from said controlling member I34 a conduit I35 leads through a suitable connection I36 to the intake manifold 2|, said humidifying apparatus being described more in detail in the patent to Myers 1,852,852 patented April 5, 1932.

We claim:

1. In a carburetor, a fuel inlet conduit, an air inlet passage, said fuel inlet conduit leading directly into said air inlet passage, a mixing chamber below the point at which said fuel inlet leads into said air passage in open communication with said air inlet passage, a baffle member in said mixing chamber, an outlet passage leading from said mixing chamber below said baffle, a valve -in said passage, fuel catching means in the top of said baflle member and a by-pass extending from said fuel catching means around said valve and baille into said outlet passage.

2. In a carburetor a chambered body portion having an air inlet opening in the top thereof. an air inlet passage extending downwardly therefrom, a fuel inlet opening into said air inlet passage, a mixing chamber with which the lower end of said air inlet passage is in open communication, means in said mixing chamber for creating a whirling movement of air and vapor passing therethrough comprising a balile member having a circular series of inclined spaced fins providing passages theretbetween, a cup-like portion in the top of said baflie, an outlet passage leading from under said baiiie, a valve therein, and a by-pass extending from said cup-like portion around said valve into said outlet passage.

3. In a carburetor, an air inlet passage, an enlarged mixing chamber below said inlet passage into the top of which said passage leads, a fuel inlet nozzle mounted centrally in said passage in spaced relation to the walls thereof between the inlet end of said passage and said mixing chamber, said nozzle discharging upwardly directly into said passage longitudinally centrally thereof, an adjustable needle valve controlling the discharge of fuel from said nozzle, a fuel deflector member mounted centrally in said air inlet passage between the inlet end thereof and said nozzle, said deflector being substantially in longitudinal alignment with said nozzle and adiacent the same and spaced from the walls of said passage, means in the lower portion of said mixing chamber spaced from said nozzle for mixing-said air and fuel, comprising a transverse baflie member having peripheral wall portions spaced from the walls of said chamber and having a plurality of deflecting fins on the under side thereof adjacent the periphery thereof, and an outlet passage smaller than said mixing chamber leading substantially centrally from the bottom of said mixing chamber under said baflie member, said mixing chamber having a sloping bottom wall surrounding said outlet passage and said fins nozzle discharging upwardly directly into said passage longitudinally thereof, a fuel deflector member mounted in said air inlet passage between the inlet end thereof and said nozzle, said deflector member being substantially in longitudinal alignment with said nozzle and spaced from the walls of said passage, means in said mixing chamber spaced from said nozzle for mixing said air and fuel, comprising a transverse bafile member having an annular series of recesses in its peripheral edge providing an annular series of restricted passages between the periphery of the same and the walls of said mixing chamber and having an annular series of non-radial deflector members depending substantially perpendicularly from the under side thereof, said restricted passages leading between adjacent deflector members, and an outlet passage smaller than said chamber extending from the bottom of said chamber under said baffle member, said chamber having a sloping bo tom leading toward said outlet passage, and said deflector members extending into proximity to said sloping bottom.

5. In a carburetor, an air inlet passage, an enlarged mixing chamber below said inlet passage. a fuel inlet nozzle mounted centrally in said passage in spaced relation to the walls thereof between the inlet end of said passage and said mixing chamber, said nozzle discharging upwardly directly into said passage longitudinally thereof, a fuel deflector member mounted in said air inlet passage between the inlet end thereof and said nozzle and adjacent said nozzle, said deflector member having a needle valve thereon entering said nozzle to control discharge of fuel from said nozzle and being substantially in longitudinal alignment with said nozzle and spaced from the walls of said passage, means in said mixing chamber spaced from said nozzle for mixing said air and fuel, comprising a transverse baffle member having a plurality of deflecting fins on the under side thereof, and an outlet passage leading substantially centrally from the bottom of said chamber under said bafile mem- 20 ber.

ARTHUR J. BOATRIGHT. ALBERT T. NEWMAN. 

